1、 High quality development is the main theme of the bearing industry
1. The scale of the industry continues to expand
There are about 10000 enterprises in the bearing industry in China, including more than 1300 enterprises above designated size. According to the statistics of main business income, the top 100 enterprises account for 42.8% of the entire industry, and the top 1000 enterprises account for 90% of the entire industry.
In 2012, the main business income of the bearing industry was 139.8 billion, and the output of bearings was 17 billion sets; In 2021, the main business income was 227.8 billion yuan, and the output of bearings was 23.3 billion sets. The main business income increased by 62%, and the output of bearings increased by 37%. Total labor productivity has increased by 90%. While the scale of the bearing industry has increased, the quality of development is continuously improving.
In 2012, the total import and export volume of bearings reached 7.819 billion US dollars. Among them, export earnings amounted to 4.369 billion US dollars and import earnings amounted to 3.45 billion US dollars. In 2021, the total import and export volume of bearings will reach 12.417 billion US dollars. Among them, exports earned 6.947 billion US dollars and imports used 5.47 billion US dollars, with steady growth in imports and exports.
Currently, there are more than 90000 bearing product specifications. The maximum bearing outer diameter produced in 2012 is 11.13 meters, and the maximum bearing outer diameter produced in 2022 is 15 meters.
2. Continuous optimization of industrial structure
The three-year action plan for state-owned enterprise reform in the bearing industry has been effectively promoted. Three enterprises in the bearing industry have been selected as "Science and Technology Reform Demonstration Enterprises", two enterprises have been selected as "Double Hundred" list of state-owned enterprise reform, and three enterprises have been selected as management benchmarking and action benchmarking enterprises for key state-owned enterprises.
A large number of high-quality enterprises have continuously optimized and optimized their property rights structure. The reform of mixed ownership has given new vitality.
In 2012, there were about 1500 enterprises above designated size in China's bearing industry, which will decline to 1300 in 2021. The main business income will increase by 62%, and the industry concentration ratio will continue to improve, which again proves that the development quality has been effectively improved. After ten years of development, the bearing industry structure has been continuously optimized. The balance, coordination, and sustainability of economic development have been significantly enhanced, and the overall strength has been significantly improved.
3. Vigorous development of industrial clusters
Ten years ago, China's bearing industry cluster began to start. Ten years later, China's bearing industry gradually formed a regional development feature, with gradually obvious functional positioning, and continuous improvement in production capacity and professional collaboration capabilities. Five major industrial clusters have been formed nationwide.
The cultural heritage of the old industrial base makes Wafangdian (Liaoning) Bearing Industry Cluster Area demonstrate strong strength; The integration of industry, education, and research has created a unique core competitiveness in Luoyang (Henan) Bearing Industry Cluster; The development model of "specialization, specialization, and innovation" has injected impetus into the development of the bearing industry cluster in Suzhou, Wuxi, and Changzhou (Jiangsu); The eastern Zhejiang (Zhejiang) bearing industry cluster developed in market competition is full of vitality; The transformation and upgrading of enterprises have unleashed the development potential of Liaocheng (Shandong) Bearing Industry Cluster.
In addition, Linxi and Guantao in Hebei, Lingbi in Anhui, and Fangcheng in Henan have combined their own characteristics to target the bearing industry, gather advantageous resources, undertake industrial transfer, tap market potential, and embark on the development path of a strong bearing county.
4. Steady and progressive development
Based on the statistics of the main business income of the bearing industry over the past decade, the year-on-year growth rate is calculated, and the economic trend of the industry over the past decade can be clearly seen. In the past decade, China's bearing industry has developed steadily. During the "12th Five Year Plan" period, the annual growth rate of main business income was 4.45%. Although the economic indicators of the 13th Five Year Plan fluctuated greatly, on the whole, they have made steady progress and fluctuated forward. Over the past five years, it has maintained an average growth rate of 4.35% in its main business. In the first year of the "14th Five Year Plan", the main business growth rate exceeded 16%, showing a good development trend.
In recent years, the complex and volatile international situation and the frequent occurrence of the COVID-19 have intensified risk challenges and increased downward pressure on the economy, which has filled the complex economic situation with uncertainty. The economic operation of the bearing industry has risen against the trend, fully reflecting the resilience and potential of the industry.
2、 Independent innovation is the driving force of the bearing industry
1. Gradually improving the innovation system
The decade since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is also a decade of independent innovation in the bearing industry. Through the efforts of the entire industry, a bearing industry innovation system with clear levels, clear positioning, and reasonable division of labor has initially been formed, providing important support for industry progress.
An innovation team at five levels, including basic research, applied basic research, national engineering technology center, enterprise bearing technology innovation, and small and medium-sized enterprise technology development, has closely focused on the development of the bearing industry, focused on solving key technologies in the bearing industry, and based on the bearing industry chain, established a close and complete innovation chain, formed a group of core technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and achieved high-end breakthroughs for the bearing industry, Played a key role.
2. Innovative achievements continue to emerge
Over the past decade, more than 300 scientific research achievements have been identified in the bearing industry. Won two second prizes of the National Science and Technology Progress Award; We have received 156 awards for science and technology in the mechanical industry, including 6 first prizes, 53 second prizes, and 86 third prizes for scientific and technological progress in the mechanical industry; One first prize, three second prizes, and seven third prizes for scientific and technological inventions in the mechanical industry.
The bearing industry has undertaken more than 20 national major projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology, 6 key breakthrough projects in the "package" of industrial foundation projects of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, 1 "one-stop" application plan project for industrial foundation construction, and 2 industrial foundation platform construction projects.
From 2012 to 2022, 3 international standards were formulated and revised for the bearing industry (including 1 published and 2 to be published); Published 77 national standards, 45 industry standards, 3 national standards in foreign languages, and 4 group standards. The international standardization document ISO/TR 20051 "Derivation of the Rated Load Factor of Spherical Joint Bearings", which was led by China, was officially released in May 2020, achieving a breakthrough in China's leading development of international standards in the field of rolling bearings.
3. Continuous breakthroughs in innovative products
Self-developed aerospace bearings help China's flying dream
From Shenzhou series manned spacecraft to Chang'e lunar exploration project, from Tiangong laboratory to Tianzhou spacecraft, from Mars exploration to Beidou navigation, the research and development of bearings has broken through major problems such as high-precision indicators and long-term on orbit service life in special environments, met the needs of the development of the space industry, and delivered a qualified bearing answer sheet for the development of China's space industry. Bearing industry is not only a beneficiary of China's aerospace industry development, but also a contributor to China's space industry development.
Urban rail transit bearings have been successfully applied to Chinese standard subway trains.
The Chinese standard subway trains are dominated by Chinese standards, adopting a design concept of standardization, modularization, and serialization, and possessing fully independent intellectual property rights. Six enterprises in the bearing industry participated. As the research and development units of high-end bearings for serialized Chinese standard subway trains, they have comprehensively carried out key technical research and completed the development and testing of series bearings such as axle box bearings, gearbox bearings, traction motor bearings, and cooling fan bearings. In 2021, China's independently developed bearings were successfully applied to China's standard subway trains, making due contributions to the development of China's rail transit industry.
The successful application of shield machine bearings ended the passive situation of China's shield machine main bearing relying on imports for a long time.
After years of tackling key problems, the bearing industry has broken through the key design of shield main bearing, shield main bearing materials and heat treatment, precision machining and testing of shield main bearing and other technologies, and has developed the first batch of home-made 6m conventional shield 3m diameter main bearing, realizing import substitution.
"China Railway 872" is the first 3-meter domestic main bearing shield machine in China that adopts the national strong foundation project test. The excavation diameter of the equipment is 6.83 meters, the diameter of the main bearing is 3.06 meters, the overall length is about 85 meters, and the total weight is about 550 tons. This marks the end of the passive situation that China's shield machine main bearing has been restricted by people for a long time and relies on imports.
Breakthroughs in Key Core Technologies of High Power Wind Turbine Spindle Bearings
On July 27, 2022, the "12 MW Offshore Typhoon Resistant Wind Turbine Main Shaft Bearing" successfully went offline and passed the inspection by the China Bearing Quality Inspection Center, with all indicators meeting user requirements. The bearing has a diameter of 3.5 meters, weighs over 14 tons, and can withstand an overturning torque of 47500 kN · M, meeting the requirements of high load-bearing capacity.
On September 15, 2022, the first set of 16 MW platform wind turbine spindle bearings in China were successfully delivered offline, marking a significant step forward in the localization and replacement of key components in the wind turbine industry. Combining industry-leading R&D and manufacturing advantages with user experience, significant breakthroughs have been made in key technologies to solve the "bottleneck" problem that restricts the development of the industry.
3、 Growth and growth are key words for bearing enterprises
1. Leading enterprises have emerged one after another
Looking back on the industry's decade of hard work, countless bearing enterprises have striven to contribute and forge ahead in the tide of market economy. They have created miracles and won growth. Every year, a certain number of bearing enterprises in China continuously enter the top 500 list of China's mechanical industry. There are ten billion level bearing enterprises in the forefront, well-established bearing industry time-honored brands, and industry leaders who have made outstanding contributions to national key projects. They are the leaders of the bearing industry chain and have an important driving and exemplary role in the modernization of the industry chain.
In 2012, there were 32 enterprises in the bearing industry with an annual main business income of over 300 million yuan, with a total main business income of 54.4 billion yuan; In 2021, there were 46 enterprises with an annual main business income of over 300 million yuan, with a total main business income of 91.6 billion yuan.
2. Expertise and innovation continue to emerge
The rapid development of single champion and specialized new enterprises in the manufacturing industry is another important feature of the development of the bearing industry.
Since 2016, the bearing industry has won 7 single champion demonstration enterprises in the manufacturing industry of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, 2 single champion cultivation enterprises, and 1 single champion product; It has been awarded 37 "Little Giant" enterprises by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Among them, 8 national level specialized and new "Little Giant" enterprises have received key support.
"We must not forget our original intention, bear in mind our mission, continue to uphold integrity and innovation, forge ahead courageously, and strive hard to build China into a modern socialist power!"!
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